Atlas de Anatomia do Corpo Humano - Central

The atlas of human body

Fornix, Brain
Fornix, Brain

Heavily myelinated fiber bundle of the TELENCEPHALON projecting from the hippocampal formation to the HYPOTHALAMUS. Some authorities consider the fornix part of the LIMBIC SYSTEM. The fimbria starts as a flattened band of axons arising from the subiculum and HIPPOCAMPUS, which then thickens to form the fornix.

Olfactory Pathways
Olfactory Pathways

Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. It includes the OLFACTORY NERVE; OLFACTORY BULB; olfactory tract, olfactory tubercle, anterior perforated substance, and olfactory cortex. The term rhinencephalon is restricted to structures in the CNS receiving fibers from the olfactory bulb.

Olfactory Bulb
Olfactory Bulb

Ovoid body resting on the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone where the olfactory nerve terminates. The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose dendrites the olfactory nerve synapses, forming the olfactory glomeruli. The accessory olfactory bulb, which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here.

Corpus Callosum
Corpus Callosum

Broad plate of dense myelinated fibers that reciprocally interconnect regions of the cortex in all lobes with corresponding regions of the opposite hemisphere. The corpus callosum is located deep in the longitudinal fissure.

Cerebrum
Cerebrum

Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.

Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex

The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon and folds into gyri. It reaches its highest development in man and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.

Hippocampus
Hippocampus

A curved elevation of gray matter extending the entire length of the floor of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle (Dorland, 28th ed). The hippocampus, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation. Entorhinal Cortex; Perforant Pathway;

Pyramidal Cells
Pyramidal Cells

Projection neurons in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region.

Frontal Lobe
Frontal Lobe

The anterior part of the cerebral hemisphere.

Motor Cortex
Motor Cortex

Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control. It lies anterior to the central sulcus.

Prefrontal Cortex
Prefrontal Cortex

The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which receives projection fibers from the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. The prefrontal cortex receives afferent fibers from numerous structures of the diencephalon, mesencephalon, and limbic system as well as cortical afferents of visual, auditory, and somatic origin.

Temporal Lobe
Temporal Lobe

Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere.

Entorhinal Cortex
Entorhinal Cortex

The cytoarchitecturally well-defined area of multilaminate cerebral cortex on the medial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus, immediately caudal to the olfactory cortex of the uncus. The entorhinal cortex is the origin of the major neural fiber system afferent to the hippocampus, the so-called PERFORANT PATHWAY. (Stedman, 25th ed) Perforant Pathway;

Auditory Cortex
Auditory Cortex

Area of the temporal lobe concerned with hearing.

Occipital Lobe
Occipital Lobe

Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere.

Visual Cortex
Visual Cortex

Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision.

Parietal Lobe
Parietal Lobe

Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere.

Somatosensory Cortex
Somatosensory Cortex

Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus.

Neocortex
Neocortex

The largest portion of the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is composed of NEURONS arranged in six layers.

Basal Ganglia
Basal Ganglia

Large subcortical nuclear masses derived from the telencephalon and located in the basal regions of the cerebral hemispheres.

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