Atlas de Anatomia do Corpo Humano - Central

The atlas of human body

Mesencephalon
Mesencephalon

The middle of the three primitive cerebral vesicles of the embryonic brain. Without further subdivision, midbrain develops into a short, constricted portion connecting the PONS and the DIENCEPHALON. Midbrain contains two major parts, the dorsal TECTUM MESENCEPHALI and the ventral TEGMENTUM MESENCEPHALI, housing components of auditory, visual, and other sensorimoter systems.

Inferior Colliculi
Inferior Colliculi

The posterior pair of the quadrigeminal bodies which contain centers for auditory function.

Superior Colliculi
Superior Colliculi

The anterior pair of the quadrigeminal bodies which contain the centers for visual function.

Ventral Tegmental Area
Ventral Tegmental Area

A region in the mesencephalon which is dorsomedial to the substantia nigra and ventral to the red nucleus. The mesocortical and mesolimbic dopaminergic systems originate here, including an important projection to the nucleus accumbens. Overactivity of the cells in this area has been suspected to contribute to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Cerebral Aqueduct
Cerebral Aqueduct

Narrow channel in the mesencephalon that connects the third and fourth ventricles.

Metencephalon
Metencephalon

The anterior portion of the developing hindbrain. It gives rise to the CEREBELLUM and the PONS.

Cerebellum
Cerebellum

The part of brain that lies behind the BRAIN STEM in the posterior base of skull (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR). It is also known as the "little brain" with convolutions similar to those of CEREBRAL CORTEX, inner white matter, and deep cerebellar nuclei. Its function is to coordinate voluntary movements, maintain balance, and learn motor skills.

Cerebellar Cortex
Cerebellar Cortex

The superficial gray matter of the cerebellum. It consists of two main layers, the stratum moleculare and the stratum granulosum. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Purkinje Cells
Purkinje Cells

The output neurons of the cerebellar cortex.

Cerebellopontine Angle
Cerebellopontine Angle

Junction between the cerebellum and the pons.

Medulla Oblongata
Medulla Oblongata

The lower portion of the BRAIN STEM. It is inferior to the PONS and anterior to the CEREBELLUM. Medulla oblongata serves as a relay station between the brain and the spinal cord, and contains centers for regulating respiratory, vasomotor, cardiac, and reflex activities.

Area Postrema
Area Postrema

A small, rounded eminence on each side of the FOURTH VENTRICLE, which receives nerve fibers from the SOLITARY NUCLEUS; SPINAL CORD; and adjacent areas of the MEDULLA. The area postrema lies outside the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor.

Brain Stem
Brain Stem

The part of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord. It consists of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.

Reticular Formation
Reticular Formation

A region extending from the PONS & MEDULLA OBLONGATA through the MESENCEPHALON, characterized by a diversity of neurons of various sizes and shapes, arranged in different aggregations and enmeshed in a complicated fiber network.

Respiratory Center
Respiratory Center

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