Atlas de Anatomia do Corpo Humano - Central

The atlas of human body

Enterochromaffin Cells
Enterochromaffin Cells

A subtype of enteroendocrine cells found in the gastrointestinal MUCOSA, particularly in the glands of PYLORIC ANTRUM; DUODENUM; and ILEUM. These cells secrete mainly SEROTONIN and some neuropeptides. Their secretory granules stain readily with silver (argentaffin stain). Enterochromaffin-like Cells;

Tonsil
Tonsil

A round-to-oval mass of lymphoid tissue embedded in the lateral wall of the PHARYNX situated on each side of the fauces, between the anterior and posterior pillars of the soft palate (PALATE, SOFT).

Lymphoid Tissue
Lymphoid Tissue

Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

Adenoids
Adenoids

Germinal Center
Germinal Center

The activated center of a lymphoid follicle in secondary lymphoid tissue where B-LYMPHOCYTES are stimulated by antigens and helper T cells (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER) are stimulated to generate memory cells.

Lymph Nodes
Lymph Nodes

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Peyer's Patches
Peyer's Patches

Lymphoid tissue on the mucosa of the small intestine.

Spleen
Spleen

Thymus Gland
Thymus Gland

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Antibody-Producing Cells
Antibody-Producing Cells

Cells of the lymphoid series that can react with antigen to produce specific cell products called antibodies. Various cell subpopulations, often B-lymphocytes, can be defined, based on the different classes of immunoglobulins that they synthesize.

B-Lymphocytes
B-Lymphocytes

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

Dendritic Cells
Dendritic Cells

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Langerhans Cells
Langerhans Cells

Recirculating, dendritic, antigen-presenting cells containing characteristic racket-shaped granules (Birbeck granules). They are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the EPIDERMIS and are rich in Class II MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX molecules. Langerhans cells were the first dendritic cell to be described and have been a model of study for other dendritic cells (DCs), especially other migrating DCs such as dermal DCs and INTERSTITIAL DENDRITIC CELLS.

Blood Cells
Blood Cells

The cells found in the body fluid circulating throughout the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Blood Platelets
Blood Platelets

Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation.

Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

Erythrocytes, Abnormal
Erythrocytes, Abnormal

Heinz Bodies
Heinz Bodies

Abnormal intracellular inclusions, composed of denatured hemoglobin, found on the membrane of red blood cells. They are seen in thalassemias, enzymopathies, hemoglobinopathies, and after splenectomy.

Spherocytes
Spherocytes

Small, abnormal spherical red blood cells with more than the normal amount of hemoglobin.

Acanthocytes
Acanthocytes

Erythrocytes with protoplasmic projections giving the cell a thorny appearance.

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