Atlas de Anatomia do Corpo Humano - Central

The atlas of human body

Myocardium
Myocardium

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Papillary Muscles
Papillary Muscles

Conical muscular projections from the walls of the cardiac ventricles, attached to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by the chordae tendineae.

Myocytes, Cardiac
Myocytes, Cardiac

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC). Myoblasts, Cardiac; Myofibrils;

Heart
Heart

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

Endocardium
Endocardium

The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.

Fetal Heart
Fetal Heart

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

Ductus Arteriosus
Ductus Arteriosus

A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta.

Truncus Arteriosus
Truncus Arteriosus

The arterial trunk arising from the fetal heart. During development, it divides into AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY.

Heart Atria
Heart Atria

The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.

Atrial Appendage
Atrial Appendage

Ear-shaped appendage of either atrium of the heart. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Heart Conduction System
Heart Conduction System

An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle and having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.

Purkinje Fibers
Purkinje Fibers

Modified cardiac muscle fibers composing the terminal portion of the heart conduction system.

Bundle of His
Bundle of His

Small band of specialized CARDIAC MUSCLE fibers that originates in the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE and extends into the membranous part of the interventricular septum. The bundle of His, consisting of the left and the right bundle branches, conducts the electrical impulses to the VENTRICLES in generation of MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Bundle-Branch Block;

Atrioventricular Node
Atrioventricular Node

A small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus. It gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart.

Sinoatrial Node
Sinoatrial Node

The small mass of modified cardiac muscle fibers located at the junction of the superior vena cava (VENA CAVA, SUPERIOR) and right atrium. Contraction impulses probably start in this node, spread over the atrium (HEART ATRIUM) and are then transmitted by the atrioventricular bundle (BUNDLE OF HIS) to the ventricle (HEART VENTRICLE).

Heart Septum
Heart Septum

This structure includes the thin muscular atrial septum between the two HEART ATRIA, and the thick muscular ventricular septum between the two HEART VENTRICLES.

Foramen Ovale
Foramen Ovale

An opening in the wall between the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a fetal heart. Oval foramen normally closes soon after birth; when it fails to close the condition is called PATENT OVALE FORAMEN.

Endocardial Cushions
Endocardial Cushions

A fetal heart structure that is the bulging areas in the cardiac septum between the HEART ATRIA and the HEART VENTRICLES. During development, growth and fusion of endocardial cushions at midline forms the two atrioventricular canals, the sites for future TRICUSPID VALVE and BICUSPID VALVE.

Atrial Septum
Atrial Septum

The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart.

Ventricular Septum
Ventricular Septum

The muscular structure separating the right and the left lower chambers (HEART VENTRICLES) of the heart. The ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the AORTIC VALVE, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum.

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